Month: August 2023

The development of the worship of
Odin in Norway belongs specially to the later
Iron Age, and it is worthy of note that his worship
seems to have prevailed chiefly in military circles,
among princes and their retainers. Mention has already been made more than once
of the way in which the Northmen entered the service
of the emperors at Constantinople or Miklagarðr,
‘the great city,’ as they called it. When Harold
Hardrada was in the service of the emperor he sailed
through the Grecian archipelago to Sicily and Africa.

• The study also showed that some local people of Scotland were buried as Vikings and may have taken on Viking identities.
• Men and women alike
  were buried in full dress, and the men usually have
  all their weapons with them.
• They could not extend their territories and the Franks
  could not drive them from the Seine.
• At the same time
  the inhabitants of York declared themselves ready
  to enter the service of Mercia.

At home the Viking leader
lived the life of an active country gentleman. Of their ships we know a good deal both from the
sagas and from the remains of actual ships preserved
to us. The custom of ship-burial, i.e. burial in a ship
over which a grave chamber, covered with a how or
mound, was erected, was common in the Viking age,
and several such ships have been discovered.

Probable causes of Norse expansion

His research explores the reach and repercussions of viking activity across the Frankish realm, as well as its subsequent, premodern historiography. His monograph, Monarchs and Hydrarchs, was published with Routledge in 2020. We are not surprised that many of our players have switched to smartphone and tablet devices. In response, we’ve optimised our instant play website to make playing from iOS & Android devices seamless. Playing our handpicked casino slots for real dough is a fun-filled way of joining the Honored Society of online gamers.

Cnut was now the mightiest of all Scandinavian kings,
but on his death in 1035 his empire fell apart; Norway
went to his son Svein, Denmark to Harthacnut and
England to Harold Harefoot. Harold was succeeded
by Harthacnut in 1040, but neither king was of the
same stamp as Cnut and habanero slot they were both overshadowed
by the great Godwine, earl of Wessex. When Harthacnut
died in 1042 the male line in descent from Cnut
was extinct, and though some of the Danes were in
favour of choosing Cnut’s sister’s son Svein, Godwine
secured the election of Edward the Confessor.

A small force of eight ships
and some 200 men sailed up the Seine under one
‘Huncdeus’ and gradually their numbers were increased
by fresh arrivals from abroad. They made
their way north to the Meuse, south to the Loire, and
east to Burgundy, but their head quarters were on
the lower waters of the Seine. In 903 other invaders
appeared on the Loire under leaders named Baret
(O.N. Bárðr) and Heric (O.N. Eiríkr). The name
of Bárðr is mentioned more than once in the contemporary
history of the Norsemen in Ireland, and as
the Norsemen were driven from Dublin in 902 it is
probable that these invaders came from there.

Trade centres

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As a result, many of the Vikings returned to northern England, where Jorvic had become the centre of the Viking kingdom, but Alfred of Wessex managed to keep them out of his country. Alfred and his successors continued to drive back the Viking frontier and take York. A new wave of Vikings appeared in England in 947, when Eric Bloodaxe captured York.

Here however they were
disastrously defeated by Odo, now king of the West
Franks (June 888), and in the next year they finally
abandoned the siege of Paris making their way to
Brittany. In 835 the attacks on England were renewed after
an interval of 40 years, but as they now stand in
close connexion with contemporary invasions of
Frankish territory there is every reason to believe
that they were of Danish rather than of Norse origin. The attacks began in the south and west but they
soon spread to East Anglia and Lindsey. In 851 Aethelstan of Kent defeated the Danes at sea
in one of the rare battles fought with them on
their own element, and in the same year they remained
for the winter in Thanet, probably owing to the loss
of their ships. The size and importance of these[15]
attacks may be gauged from the fact that in this
year a fleet of some 350 Danish ships sailed up
the Thames. It was probably that same fleet, with
slightly diminished numbers, which in 852 ravaged
Frisia and then sailed round the British Isles, came
to Ireland, and captured Dublin.